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How to make polylactic acid?

The monomer polylactic acid is typically made from fermented plant starch such as from corn, cassava, tapioca roots, sugarcane or sugar beet pulp.
The basic steps to create polylactic acid from corn are as follows:
1. First corn starch must be converted into sugar through a mechanical process called wet milling. Wet milling separates the starch from the kernels. Acid or enzymes are added once these components are separated. Then, they’re heated to convert the starch into dextrose (aka sugar).
2. Next, the dextrose is fermented. One of the most common fermentation methods involves adding Lactobacillus bacteria to the dextrose. This, in turn, creates lactic acid.
3. The lactic acid is then converted into lactide, a ring-form dimer of lactic acid. These lactide molecules bond together to create polymers.
4. The result of the polymerization is small pieces of raw material polylactic acid plastic which can be converted into an array of PLA plastic products.

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